Network construction

Building a network model is performed by developed tools of the Network Editor module. Each type of engineering network has its own editor with a set of styles, layers and applied tools. The calculation model is formed by applying topologically connected objects and filling in its incoming parameters.

To create a model of the engineering network, the collection and processing of spatial and technical data, as well as map-basis are done beforehand.

A set of tools and functions of the calculation system allows to solve the following tasks to work with the network:

• addition of graphic elements and description of network objects simultaneously by different users;
• editing of geometries by moving objects, turning directions, replacing the type of node object, combining linear sections, inserting and constructing vertices
• graphical display of network objects linked to the topographic basis;
• inventory of network objects;
• description of the supply networks operation real modes characteristics: hourly rates of expenditure and pressure in hours of maximum, minimum, average selection, fires, accidents, depending on the season, etc;
• definition of water consumption, effluent, calculation of pressure losses on sections of networks;
• thematic coloring according to actual and historical calculation parameters;
• loading of raster and vector scheme subbase, hybrids from the complex of spatial resources, Internet services, etc;
• search and navigation objectives;
• maintenance of labels and comments in a schema;
• undo operations.

Base-map formation

Formation of the electronic map is performed on the basis of tablet documentation, raster and vector data. If the source data is on paper map, then the image is scanned and digitized. Then the materials are scaled, calibrated and georeferenced to the corresponding coordinate system using QGIS tools.

To georeference original raster documentation the vector maps, remote sensing data, materials of specialized graphic constructions, maps or hybrids from spatial resources, internet services are used.

All output data are connected (cross-linked) into a single base-map for further use when applying the engineering network.

Maintenance of objects passport data

Passports of network objects are created automatically when applying these objects to the scheme, with its own unique generic names. Further processing, filling in and editing of the object description can be carried out during or after the network construction. It is possible to work both with attribute tables and objects’ passports in the RIKOM complex .

The passports attributes and links between objects correspond to the Classifier of network objects of the selected infrastructure, mandatory and calculated attributes differ in font color. The system performs the basic and additional validation of data entry: at the stage of creating passports and after development of the entire network and starting the calculation of the mathematical model.

At the stage of passport data entry and preservation following is carried out:

• checking non-duplication of attribute names,
• automatic generating of object names,
• checking the ability to edit fields,
• automatic calculation оf sites lengths,
• sum of cost values per node for several subscribers and given the dependence on the month,
• cascading attributes filling (disabling unnecessary attributes);
• checking the attribute type and the specified dimension.

At the stage of starting a calculation model, the following is performed:

• check of the mandatory fields filling,
• verification of the correctness and incompatibility of the entered data,
• verification of cardinality of connections,
• geometry check.

Working with the attribute table

Table data can be processed, edited, sorted, found and localized   the selected object on the map, edited attribute values with the change of object styles or by the type of object itself. With the built-in filters it is configured to display forms with the ability to further copy, process, print, etc.

Export to Excel

For copying and processing features of network objects, Excel tools developed a single-name function with the ability to select object types and the path to save the file to disk in the xls format.

The downloaded file contains objects grouped by tabs with their own attribute list according to the Network Object Classifier and the current content.

Mediamaterials

To the passport of each object of the network system tools can add files of different types and purposes: photo of the exterior or interior of the equipment, inspection results, factory specifications and passports, project and working materials, test and repair acts, schemes, sections, etc.

Files of any extension with restriction of their size can be added. Uploaded png and jpg files are previewed, doc (x), xls (x), txt files are highlighted in different colors on the form. Any files can be stored on a PC disk, you can assign them a category and a description.

The form of file view and download will specify the amount and the remainder of the data store.

Curves Editor

Some parameters describe the operation of the equipment or the change of certain indicators in the form of graphs and are specified in the system with curves of dependence.

Dependency curves can describe changes in head loss, efficiency, performance, volume, etc. System tools can describe the curves and assign equipment to specific models in the equipment passport.

Template editor

Templates – hourly load profiles – are used to describe the changes in the quantitative indicators and performance indicators of the equipment in time.

Templates can be used to describe the work of such objects as the Source, Pumping Station,
also on the energy templates can be calculate the electricity cost , consumers expenses.

Address editor

The system performs support for the address register with the ability to edit, add and delete names, convenient navigation by the editor. It is possible to use a single address register for different subsystems within a single city.

Cascade filling of attributes

Cascade filling of the passport attributes is realized for simplification and increasing of passports accuracy in data filling. At cascade filling filtration of mandatory fields for data entering is performed in depending on the selected dictionary and the extra attributes for the description are turned off. Selected mandatory fields are checked when the calculation is started.

Adding additional object parameters

The system provides support for additional attributes for various objects. An assigned additional parameter will be applied for all chosen  objects of this type for current network, displayed and able to be filled in the passport, stored when exporting and importing a project, participating in search and navigation queries.

Networks calculations

Networks calculations are performed using the built-in module, which operates on the basis of the calculation algorithm of the Epanet complex.

Before conducting the calculations, the verification of the construction of network for the correctness of logical and topological links, completeness and correctness of the output data is performed.

The resulting network construction errors include information about the type of error, the object key, and if the error relates to the entry of attributes – the names of these attributes. By the object ID from the form of network construction correctness checking  the passing to the passport with incorrect data is carried out. Calculations take about a few seconds and depend on the amount of data. When the system displays error messages, calculations will not be conducted until the elimination of errors.

In addition to initial data errors, the system can report on the features the network (negative vice, blocked areas and consumers), features of network construction, features of the input parameters, which should pay attention, etc. When outputting warnings, calculations are carried out and stored in the system.

The results of the settlements are stored in the database and displayed in the form of tabular or passport calculated attributes, are subject to further spatial and, if accumulated, historical analysis. The results of hydraulic calculations are not subjected to editing from the passports’ forms, but only updated when changing the configuration and recalculation of the network.

Hydraulic calculations may take into account the Emitter formula in areas with insufficient pressure to supply water to consumers, as well as to calculate the maximum, minimum and average load indices, and hourly load on the network.

Rikom  hydraulic calculations allow:

• Identify insufficient and excess pressure in the system;
• Check the actual position of the system at maximum load;
• Determine the influence of sources on consumption nodes;
• Check system performance for reliability;
• Find overloaded network areas limiting pipeline throughput;
• Conduct an annual analysis and assessing the networks efficiency;
• Modelling of the system to get the optimal mode of operation, taking into account the reliability of the system;
• Evaluate the impact on the system with increasing or decreasing consumption, taking into account the development prospects.

For networks of water supply dump and ring networks are calculated, taking into account the increase of pressure by pumping stations, pressure constraints, the work of several sources, non-stationary modes are calculated, including water hammer.

Hydraulic calculation of self-contained and pressure sewer systems allows to perform a selection of diameters, design of a high-altitude scheme, construction of a longitudinal profile, analysis of the state and efficiency of the network of drainage system with the definition of bottlenecks and ambient conditions.

The settlement complex allows to model the behavior of the system in different conditions in order to assess its impact on the network mode.

Spatial analysis of settlement results

Thematic coloring

One of the Rikom calculations results spatial analysis kind is the customized elements stylization on the map according to the specified criteria. In this way, it is possible to paint sections of the pipeline by the following thematic indicators:

• source influence zone
• water speed
• pressure loss
• specific linear pressure loss
• water consumption
• pressure

The network areas are colored according to the calculated values of the indicator, which are decoded in the narrative legend of the layer. Colors and styles are customizable.

There are  last three calculations are kept in the complex, carried out without errors. Any two calculations can be compared between each other, thinner lines would be associated with the newer calculations, and the thicker ones are older. Performing layers management, legend lookup, customization and saving of display styles.

 Constructing routes for/against direction of the flow and rings

The network flows analysis with the determination of the water flow direction is carried out by Rikom tools from any point of the circuit, when selecting the node and the direction of flow: for, against.

Constructing rings

An network analysis for the presence of water flow rings or pipes rings is performed by means of Rikom. The display of pipe rings takes into account the off areas and excludes rings with such areas of display.

Commutational tasks

Emergency simulation is performed by isolating the required site with the definition of shut-off and pipe sections list  that will disconnect this area from water supply and the compilation of water-supply-free facilities list. According to the calculation results, the blocked areas and Consumers will be displayed on the scheme, selected non-working shut-off devices on the route, but can not provide overlap, and the report will be formed with a list of network objects that have been disconnected: consumers, locking devices, sites and, optionally, other objects.

Also, the total volume of fused water from the covered areas will be calculated. The report can further be customized, export to Excel, localize the objects on the map and passports.

Analysis on charts

Piezometric chart

The piezometric chart is one of the main tools for analyzing the results of calculations for water supply networks. This chart shows the pressure change in the nodes between the selected points in the network, shows whether a sufficient level of pressure on end users is relatively minimal on demand.

The route of the network is built on the specified nodal points in the direction of the flow of water for sites with the presence of flow (velocity) and may have circular routes.

According to the built route, a piezochart is formed, the main broken line of which displays a variable and indicators of full water pressure. In the basement of the piezochart, the main characteristics of the nodes along the route are displayed. The complex tools can expand/adjust the attributes range that are displayed on the schema.

The complex tools can expand / correct the attributes range that are displayed on the schema.

All the piezochart objects are interactive, you can make a transition to a map and a passport from the form of a piezochart for the convenience of performing a network analysis.

Longitudinal profile

One of the main tools for analyzing the results of calculations for sewage networks is the longitudinal profile construction. The profile depicts lines of ground marks, chutes, wells depth, diameters, pipelines slopes as well as filling wells and drainage network sections along a selected route, for example, from a consumer to one of the wells.

It is formed after the route built on a chart with the output in the basement the main characteristics of site nodes and with the ability to customize additional characteristics for display.

Scale and move controls, save in other formats, print profile are executed.

All profile objects are interactive, it is possible to carry out passing to the map and profile object passport.

Search and localization of results

Search functions are represented in Rikom by a universal search – the ability to search among all objects and their attributes, and search by the specified characteristics of an object – an attributive search. Here is also a multi-level search “in found results” as well.

The search is performed by the main operators (contains, does not contain, is equal, not equal) for numeric, text attributes, vocabulary, and also for the object ID.

The search results are displayed in the table and localized on the map, with guidance and centering of the selected object, displaying its passport.